University of Tabriz Applied Theories of Economics 2423-6586 10 3 2023 11 22 Macroeconomic Uncertainty, Political Risk and Exchange Rate Market Fluctuations in Iran Macroeconomic Uncertainty, Political Risk and Exchange Rate Market Fluctuations in Iran 67 102 17069 10.22034/ecoj.2023.54679.3146 FA PARVIN Alimoradi Afshar Assistant Professor of Economics, University of Kurdistan Salaheddin Manochehri Ph.D. in Economics, Bu-Ali Sina University Ramin Amani Ph.D. Student in Economics, University of Tarbiat Modares Journal Article 2023 01 08 One of the most vital concerns of economists and policymakers is finding the root of economic fluctuations and minimizing them. The political situation in Iran, the existence of economic sanctions, and uncertainty in the economy have caused severe fluctuations in the exchange rate market during the last few decades. The main goal of this research is to investigate the effect of macroeconomic uncertainty and political risk on the fluctuations of the foreign exchange market in Iran from 1991 to 2020 using the vector autoregression method with time-varying parameters (TVP-VAR). To achieve this goal, the macroeconomic uncertainty index was first measured using seven economic sectors, including production, energy, price, monetary and credit variables, currency and foreign trade, and financial and stock market variables. The results of this research indicate an increasing and very strong effect of the macroeconomic uncertainty index on exchange rate fluctuations in Iran. On the other hand, political risk has had an increasing effect on exchange rate fluctuations in Iran, except during the nuclear agreement period (2014 - 2017). Moreover, other results of the research indicate the increasing and very strong effect of housing price fluctuations and gold price fluctuations on exchange rate fluctuations in Iran, while stock market fluctuations have a decreasing effect on currency market fluctuations in Iran. One of the most vital concerns of economists and policymakers is finding the root of economic fluctuations and minimizing them. The political situation in Iran, the existence of economic sanctions, and uncertainty in the economy have caused severe fluctuations in the exchange rate market during the last few decades. The main goal of this research is to investigate the effect of macroeconomic uncertainty and political risk on the fluctuations of the foreign exchange market in Iran from 1991 to 2020 using the vector autoregression method with time-varying parameters (TVP-VAR). To achieve this goal, the macroeconomic uncertainty index was first measured using seven economic sectors, including production, energy, price, monetary and credit variables, currency and foreign trade, and financial and stock market variables. The results of this research indicate an increasing and very strong effect of the macroeconomic uncertainty index on exchange rate fluctuations in Iran. On the other hand, political risk has had an increasing effect on exchange rate fluctuations in Iran, except during the nuclear agreement period (2014 - 2017). Moreover, other results of the research indicate the increasing and very strong effect of housing price fluctuations and gold price fluctuations on exchange rate fluctuations in Iran, while stock market fluctuations have a decreasing effect on currency market fluctuations in Iran. https://ecoj.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_17069_a7d95ab5832f8c7a2eb1a458a4d84ae2.pdf