تأثیر تعاملی نهاد و آمادگی فناورانه بر سرریز فناوری از کانال واردات

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت فناوری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد رودهن، تهران، ایران

2 استاد، گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی و اقتصادی، دانشگاه الزهرا، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه مدیریت، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد بوئین زهرا، بوئین زهرا، قزوین، ایران

چکیده

با ورود جهان به مرحله نوینی از توسعه، اقتصاد مبتنی‌بر منابع جای خود را به اقتصاد بر پایه دانش و فناوری داده است. در این بین، استفاده از منافع حاصل از سرمایه‌گذاری شرکای تجاری در فعالیت‌های تحقیق و توسعه و تولید فناورانه جدید یکی از راه‌های دستیابی به اقتصاد مبتنی‌بر دانش و فناوری است که می‌تواند به افزایش بهره‌وری کل عوامل و ارتقاء نوآوری ملی کمک نماید. در این راستا، تحقیق حاضر با رهیافت داده­های تابلویی و به دو روش گشتاورهای تعمیم­یافته و حداقل مربعات معمولی کاملاً اصلاح‌شده به بررسی تأثیر تعاملی نهاد حکمرانی و آمادگی فناورانه (توسعه فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات، مهارت نیروی انسانی، فعالیت‌های تحقیق و توسعه داخلی، فعالیت‌های صنعتی و تسهیل دسترسی به منابع مالی) بر سرریز فناوری از کانال واردات در دو گروه از کشورهای منتخب درحال توسعه و توسعه­یافته تولیدکننده علم طی دوره 2022-2000 پرداخته است. نتایج برآوردی نشان داد که نهاد حکمرانی و شاخص‌های آمادگی فناورانه شامل توسعه فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات، مهارت نیروی انسانی، فعالیت‌های تحقیق و توسعه داخلی، فعالیت‌های صنعتی و تسهیل دسترسی به منابع مالی به‌صورت انفرادی بر سرریز فناوری در هر دو گروه از کشورهای منتخب درحال توسعه و توسعه­یافته تولیدکننده علم با ضرایب تخمینی متفاوت در کوتاه‌مدت و بلندمدت تأثیر مثبت و معناداری دارد. به­علاوه، تعامل نهاد با هر یک از شاخص‌های آمادگی فناورانه بر سرریز فناوری در هر دو گروه از کشورهای منتخب درحال توسعه و توسعه­یافته تولیدکننده علم تأثیر مثبت و معناداری دارد. البته، ضرایب تخمینی اثر تعاملی آن‌ها از ضرایب تخمینی اثر انفرادی آن‌ها بزرگتر است. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Interactive Effect of Institutions and Technological Readiness on Technology Spillovers through the Import Channel

نویسندگان [English]

  • Katayoun Bakhtiari 1
  • Abolfazl Shahabadi 2
  • Behnaz Khoshtinat 3
1 PhD Student in Technology Management, Department of Management, Ro.C., Islamic Azad University, Rudehen,Tehran ,Iran
2 Professor, Department of Economics, Faculty of Social Science and Economics, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Management, Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University, Buin Zahra Branch, Buin Zahra, Qazvin, Iran
چکیده [English]

With the world entering a new phase of development, resource-based economies are giving way to knowledge- and technology-based economies. In this context, leveraging the benefits of trade partners’ investments in research and development and the production of new technologies is one of the key ways to achieve a knowledge- and technology-based economy, which can enhance total factor productivity and promote national innovation.
Accordingly, the present study employs a panel data approach, using both the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) and the Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) methods, to examine the interactive effect of governance institutions and technological readiness—including ICT development, human capital skills, domestic R&D activities, industrial activities, and facilitation of access to financial resources—on technology spillovers through imports in selected samples of developing and developed science-producing countries during the period 2000–2022.
The estimation results indicate that governance institutions and technological readiness indicators individually have positive and significant effects on technology spillovers in both groups of countries, with differing estimated coefficients in the short and long run. Furthermore, the interaction between governance and each of the technological readiness indicators also has a positive and significant effect on technology spillovers in both groups. Notably, the estimated coefficients of these interaction effects are larger than the coefficients of their individual effects.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Technology Spillover
  • Governance
  • Information and Communication Technology
  • Human Resources
  • Research and Development
  • Access to Financial Resources

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