بررسی تأثیرات مستقیم و غیر مستقیم فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات بر انتشار دی‌اکسید کربن با تأکید بر نقش انرژی تجدیدپذیر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی و تربیتی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

2 کارشناسی ارشد تجارت الکترونیک، گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی و تربیتی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

چکیده

هدف این پژوهش، بررسی تأثیر شاخص‌های فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات (اینترنت، موبایل و تلفن ثابت) بر کیفیت محیط‌زیست  بیست کشور آسیایی منتخب با بیشترین سهم انتشار دی‌اکسید کربن در جهان طی دوره ۱۹۹۰–۲۰۲۲ است. آزمون‌ هم‌انباشتگی حاکی از وجود ارتباط بلند‌مدت میان متغیر‌های مدل است. منحنی زیست‌محیطی کوزنتس N-شکل در این گروه کشورها مورد تأیید است و مصرف انرژی تجدیدپذیر منجر به کاهش معنی‌دار انتشار دی‌اکسید کربن می‌شود. نتایج نشان می‌دهد اثرات مستقیم شاخص‌های ICT بر انتشار CO₂ منفی و معنی‌دار، اما اثرات غیرمستقیم از کانال تجارت مثبت و معنی‌دار است. اثر خالص تا سطح آستانه تجارت منفی است، در سطح آستانه صفر و پس از آن مثبت می‌شود که به رفع ابهام تأثیر ICT  بر محیط‌زیست کمک می‌کند. با استفاده از شاخص ترکیبی ICT (مبتنی بر تحلیل مؤلفه اصلی) نتایج تایید می‌شود و تجارت تأثیر مثبت و معنی‌دار بر انتشار دی‌اکسید کربن دارد. بیشترین نقش در شاخص ترکیبی ICT اینترنت با سهم 25/66 % دارد. به سیاست‌گذاران توصیه می‌شود ضمن ترویج کاربرد ICT در جهت کاهش انتشار، با حرکت اقتصادها به سمت جهانی‌سازی و افزایش تجارت، استفاده از انرژی‌های تجدیدپذیر را جایگزین سوخت‌های فسیلی نمایند تا اثرات غیرمستقیم ICT  از کانال تجارت بر محیط‌زیست تعدیل شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Examining the Direct and Indirect Effects of Information and Communication Technology on Carbon Dioxide Emissions with an Emphasis on the Role of Renewable Energy

نویسندگان [English]

  • Somayeh Azami 1
  • Saba Mohammadi 2
  • Jamal Fathollahi 1
1 Associate Professor, Department of Economics, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
2 Master of Economics (E-Commerce), Faculty of Strategic Sciences and Technologies, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
چکیده [English]

The objective of this study is to examine the effects of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) indicators, including Internet use, mobile phone subscriptions, and fixed-line telephone subscriptions, on environmental quality in twenty selected Asian countries with the largest shares of global carbon dioxide emissions over the period from 1990 to 2022. The cointegration test indicates the existence of a long-run relationship among the model variables. The N-shaped Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) is confirmed for this group of countries, and renewable energy consumption leads to a significant reduction in carbon dioxide emissions. The results show that the direct effects of ICT indicators on CO₂ emissions are negative and statistically significant, whereas their indirect effects through the trade channel are positive and statistically significant. The net effect is negative up to the trade threshold level, becomes zero at the threshold level, and turns positive beyond the threshold, thereby helping to resolve the ambiguity surrounding the impact of ICT on the environment. The results are confirmed using a composite ICT index based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and trade has a positive and statistically significant effect on carbon dioxide emissions. Internet use makes the largest contribution to the composite ICT index, accounting for 66.25%. Policymakers are advised to promote the use of ICT to reduce emissions while, as economies move toward globalization and increased trade, replacing fossil fuels with renewable energy sources in order to mitigate the indirect environmental effects of ICT through the trade channel.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • E-Commerce
  • ICT
  • Environmental Quality
  • FGLS

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نظریه های کاربردی اقتصاد
دوره 13، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 50
شماره پاییز 1405
شهریور 1405
صفحه 27-54

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